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Algorithm and Flowchart Introduction & Method of Problem Solving

Remember a computer is only a problem-solving tool! (one of the many different tools engineers use in solving problems)




Method of Problem Solving

  1. Recognize and understand the problem.
  2. Accumulate facts.
  3. Select appropriate theory.
  4. Make necessary assumptions.
  5. Solve the problem.
  6. Verify results.
Preforming step 5 (Solve the problem) may involve a computer.




Five steps in using a computer as a problem-solving tool

  1. Develop an Algorithm and a Flowchart.
  2. Write the program in a computer language. (i.e. C, FORTRAN)
  3. Enter program into the computer.
  4. Test and debug the program.
  5. Run the program, input data, and get the results from the computer.



Definition of Algorithm and Flowchart

  • An Algorithm is just a detailed sequence of simple steps that are needed to solve a problem.
  • A Flowchart is a graphical representation of an algorithm.




Basic Symbols



Of the many Symbols available, these 6 Basic Symbols will be used most:

  • it shows Start/Stop
  • it shows Question,Decision (Use in Branching)
  • it shows Input/Output
  • it shows Connector (connect one part of the flowchart to another)
  • it shows Process, Instruction
  • it shows Comments, Explanations, Definitions.




    • 2 Additional Symbols



    Related to more advanced programming

  • Preparation (may be used with "do loops" explained later)
  • Refers to separate flowchart ("Subprograms"(explained later) are shown in separate flowcharts).




    • Flowchart examples

    1. Sequential structure


    Given the radius and height for a cylinder find the volume and surface area.


    2. Selection/Branching Structure




    3. Repetition/Looping Structure




    4. Combination of Structures

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